Young children learn to write much as they learned to talk. Even though toddlers make many "mistakes" or approximations in speech, parents enjoy the conversations and encourage the child to talk, knowing that talking develops by talking. In the primary grades, writing is approached in much the same way. Teachers accept children's approximations of spellings. Just as parents are proud of a child's every attempt to say words, teachers praise young writers' efforts at writing. They allow much practice by encouraging very young children to use written language for real purposes: phone messages, shopping lists, labels, and stories. As words of high frequency appear in a child's writing, teachers model correct spelling, and children gradually incorporate conventional or standard spelling into their writing. A translation of the primary student's writing, made as the child reads his work aloud, is included when the writing is published.